I.7 Particle index

ἀλλά    
  as priming act in Her. 8.108.4 IV.5 §63
  introducing a new move in Her. and T. IV.4 §162; IV.5 §79
  marking dispreferred responses in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §54
  reflecting explicitly subjective discourse in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§64-68
ἄρα    
  accessing the discourse memory in Hom. II.4 §§38-41, §§50-53; II.5 §§51-62
  different uses in Her. and T. IV.4 §§165-166, §179
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §96
  marking epistemic stance in Her. and T. IV.4 §§171-172
  marking frame recall in Hom. and P. II.3 §§65-67; II.5 §§51-62
  marking unframed discourse in Her. IV.4 §§169-170
  with verba dicendi and verba sentiendi in Her. IV.4 nn246-248
  ὅς ῥα in Hom. II.5 §§59-62
  see also > δ᾽ ἄρα  
ἀτάρ    
  introducing new conversational sequences in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §§39-40
γάρ    
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§50-57
  in priming acts in Her. and T. IV.3 §110; IV.5 §78
  interacting with resonance in A., S., E., and Ar. III.3 §§95-99
  introducing gnômai in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §54
  introducing embedded narratives in Hom. II.3 §§20-32
  introducing embedded narratives or narrative expansions in Her. and T. IV.3 §§109-110
  introducing unframed discourse in Hom. and P. II.4 §§15-28
  introducing unframed discourse in Her. and T. IV.3 §§108-109; IV.4 §27, §59; IV.5 §91
  marking de re or de dicto explanations in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§51-54
  marking expansion or indignant inference in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§55-56
  starting a move in Her. and T. IV.3 §108; IV.4 §60, §§101-102, §106, §72; IV.5 §16, §19, §27, §39, §61, §68, §77, §§94-95
  γὰρ δή in Her. and T. IV.4 §86 (Her.); IV.4 §106, §121, §148 (T.)
  see also > δὴ γάρ, καὶ γάρ, μὲν γάρ  
γε    
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§58-63
  in answers in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §62
  in stance-taking in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §§63-64
  interacting with resonance in A., S., E., and Ar. III.3 §§76-79, §100
  “limitative” value IV.4 §41 and n55
  marking emotional involvement in Her. and T. IV.4 n52; IV.5 §20 (T.), §34
  marking prosodic prominence IV.3 n15; IV.4 §40 and n51, n54
  marking the author’s voice/voice and stance in Her. and T. IV.4 §12, §§40-44, §92, §102; IV.5 §110
  marking the character’s voice in Her. and T. IV.5 §20, §62, §§67-68, §73
  reflecting agitation in A., S., E., and Ar. III.3 §100; III.5 §§45-47, §50
  reflecting anger in A., S., E., and Ar. III.5 §§51-58
  reflecting a foregrounded speaker in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §60; III.5 §45
  ὅ γε as a cluster II.5 §§27-29
  ὅ γε retrieving unexpressed referents in Hom. II.5 §§35-40
γε δή    
  expressing the authors’ voice in Her. and T. IV.4 §119n162
  πρὶν γε δή marking narrative peaks in Her. and T. IV.4 n143
γε μάν    
  marking an associative link in P. II.2 §76
  see also > δέ γε/δέ... γε, ἦ που γε δή  
δέ    
  “adversative” and “continuative” δέ in Her. and T. IV.2 §§15-16
  and calmness in A., S., and E. III.5 §§85-86
  and unframed discourse in Her. and T. IV.2 §20
  “apodotic” δέ in Her. and T. IV.2 §§36-37
  at narrative transitions in P. II.3 §§65-67
  at narrative transitions in A., S., and E. III.2 §§27-30
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§24-32
  “inceptive“ δέ in Her. and T. IV.2 §§32-35
  in priming acts in A., S., E., and Ar. III.5 §§31-32
  in priming acts in Her. and T. IV.2 §§24-25, §§38-41; IV.3 §57, §89, §107; §§113-115; IV.5 §32, §59
  its pragmatic meaning as the only constant IV.2 §§14-17, §§42-46
  “paratactic” ὥστε + δέ in T. IV.2 §21
  “postponed” δέ in Her. and T. IV.2 §31
  prototypical boundary marker in Hom. II.2 §§31-36
  starting (anti)strophes in choral songs in A. III.2 §§24-26
  starting syntactically diverse acts in Her. and T. IV.2 §§18-41; IV.4 §42; IV.5 §§25-26, §107
  starting turns in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §§34-35, §§37-38, §46, §65
  δέ constructions starting a move in Her. and T. IV.2 §39; IV.3 §107, §§113-115
  ὁ δέ in Hom. II.5 §§19-26
  ὅτι δέ in Her. and T. IV.4 n223
δ᾽ ἄρα    
  marking frame recall in Hom. and P. II.5 §§51-58
  ὡς δὲ ἄρα/ὡς δ’ ἄρα marking frame recall in Her. IV.4 §§167-168
δέ γε/δέ... γε    
  interacting with resonance in A., S., E., and Ar. III.3 §§80-83
δὲ δή    
  combination in Her. IV.4 §86
δὲ καί    
  decoupled in function and scope IV.2 n201
δέ τε    
  marking shared traditional/encyclopedic knowledge in Hom. IV.2 §55, §57
  see also > καὶ δέ  
δή    
  as a mobile constituent in Hom. II.3 §41, §§60-61
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§73-79
  distribution in Her. and T. IV.4 §88, §110
  distribution in Hom. II.3 §§54-55
  intensifying constituents or acts in Hom. and P. II.3 §§59-63; II.5 §§63-71
  “ironic” δή IV.4 §84
  “ironic” δή suggesting alignment between author and audience in Her. (polyphonically) IV.4 §§104-108
  marking information as perceptible or evident in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§75-79
  marking information as perceptible or evident in Her. IV.4 §§92-93; IV.5 §79
  marking move transitions together with a οὗτος form in Her. and T. IV.3 §§127-128
  marking narrative progression in Her. IV.3 §129; IV.4 §§89-91
  marking narrative progression in Hom. II.3 §§53-58
  marking stance in authorial statements in Her. and T. IV.4 §§101-103 (Her.); IV.4 §60, §§116-118 (T.)
  marking stance in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §74
  marking stance in direct speech in Her. and T. IV.4 §§112-113; IV.5 §84
  marking stance in indirect speech and indirect thought in Her. and T. IV.4 §§94-100 (Her.); §§114-115 (T.); IV.5 §110
  marking transitions in Apollonius Dyscolus IV.3 n239
  mostly occurring in combinations and in recurrent constructions in Her. IV.4 §86
  possibly suggesting irony in T. IV.4 §§123-126
  similar and different uses in Her. and T. IV.4 §127
  suggesting alignment between author and characters in T. (polyphonically) IV.1 §8; IV.4 §§121-122; IV.5 §38
  with superlatives and scalar expressions in Hom. II.3 §§60-61
  with superlatives and scalar expressions in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §74
  with superlative, comparative, and scalar expressions in Her. and T. IV.4 §95, §113, §116; IV.5 §38
  δὴ τότε introducing narrative peaks in Hom. II.3 §58
  οἷον δή/οἷα δή conveying emotional involvement in Her. and T. IV.4 §§118-119
δὴ γάρ    
  introducing free indirect thought in Hom. II.4 §§19-20
  see also > γε δή, ἤδη/ἦ δή, ἦ που δή, ἦ που γε δή, καὶ δή, καὶ δὴ καί, μὲν δή, ὦν δή, τε δή  
δῆθεν    
  marking more stances at once (polyphonically) IV.4 §§128-136, §177
δήπου    
  marking authorial stance in T. IV.4 §112n144
δῆτα    
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§58-63
  interacting with resonance in A., S., E., and Ar. III.3 §§84-88
  reflecting agitation in A., S., E., and Ar. III.5 §45, §§49-50
  reflecting foregrounded speaker in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §60
ἦ    
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§85-89
  in emotional stancetaking in A., S., and E. III.2 §§88-89
  in questions in A., S., and E. III.2 §§86-87; III.4 §47
  with interjectional force at move boundaries II.3 §35 and §§40-43
ἤδη/ἦ δή    
  introducing embedded discourse in Hom. II.3 §§33-43
ἤδη    
  as the equivalent of propositional “now” in Her. and T. IV.4 §161 and n233
  “evaluative particle” IV.4 §143
  in authorial statements in Her. IV.4 n210
  in indirect speech in T. IV.4 §219
  marking epistemic stance about space in Her. IV.4 §150
  marking epistemic stance about time in Her. and T. IV.4 §§160-161
  marking first-hand experience/subjective perception in Her. and T. IV.4 §§151-155, §164, §178; IV.5 §41, §65, §110
  marking stance in free indirect thought in T. IV.4 §156
  resembling ἦ δή in function, in Her. and T. IV.4 §155, §164
  sharing different co-texts with δή in Her. and T. IV.4 §§146-150, §163, §175
  suggesting blending of stances, and alignment between author and characters in T. IV. 4 §§157-159, §§225-226
  vs. νῦν IV.4 n229
  with κατὰ κράτος in T. IV.4 §154 and n217
  with superlative, comparative, and scalar expressions in Her. and T. IV.4 §146, §§148-149, n155, n206
  γὰρ ἤδη in T. IV.4 n200
  ἤδη γάρ in Her. and T. IV.4 n200
  ἤδη ὦν in Her. IV.4 n195
ἦ μήν    
  evoking direct speech in indirect speech in T. IV.4 §§32-33
  = ἦ μέν in Her. IV.4 n34
ἦ που δή, ἦ που γε δή    
  expressing subjective certainty in T. IV.4 §112
καί    
  after relative pronouns IV.2 §103
  as “or” in Her. and T. IV.2 §§117-121
  as priming act in Her. and T. IV.3 §§111-112; IV.5 §46
  different enrichments in Her. and T. IV.2 §§114-116; IV.1 §5
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§33-38
  high frequency creating accumulation effect in T. IV.2 §132; IV.5 §39 and n47
  interacting with resonance in A., S., E., and Ar. III.3 §45, §§89-94
  introducing a climax in Her. and T. IV.2 §§122-132
  introducing specifications in Her. and T. IV.2 §§102-105; IV.5 §17, §43
  introducing specifications in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §36
  marking narrative peaks in Her. and T. IV.2 §§106-107
  marking move ends in T. IV.2 §§112-113; IV.5 §47
  much more frequent in T. than in Her. IV.2 §7; IV.5 §109
  multifunctionality in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§33-38
  pattern “καί | x particle” in Her. and T. IV.2 §108, §135, §143, nn174-175
  starting moves in Her. and T. IV.2 §§108-111; IV.3 §§111-112; IV.4 §63
  starting turns in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §36
  superaddendi vis IV.2 §122, nn200-201
  καί “adversativum” in Her. IV.2 §115
  καί + μάλα/κάρτα/ὀρθῶς in Her. and T. IV.2 §130, nn209-210
  καὶ τότε introducing narrative peaks II.3 §58; IV.4 §158
καί ... γε    
  in Her. IV.3 n51
καὶ γάρ    
  introducing associative embedded narratives in Hom. II.3 §§30-32
  introducing associative specifications in Her. and T. IV.2 §§98-99
καὶ δέ    
  having act or move scope in Hom. IV.2 n175
καὶ δή    
  in descriptions of compliance in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §§51-52
  marking an instantaneous and perceptual fact in Ar. IV.2 §101
  pinning down an exciting turn in Her. IV.2 §100; IV.3 §80
  starting a move in Her. IV.5 §83
  use in narrator text in Her. and T. IV.4 §86, §89, §91
καὶ δὴ καί    
  singling out the next subject in Her. IV.2 §96; IV.4 §91
  δι’ ὃ δὴ καί in T. IV.4 n141
καὶ ἤδη    
  same function as καὶ δή in Her. IV.4 §147
  not act-initial in T. IV.4 n199
καί τε    
  marking shared traditional/encyclopedic knowledge in Hom. IV.2 §§55-56
καί τι καί    
  introducing narrative expansions in T. IV.2 §97
καίτοι    
  predominant in speeches in T. IV.3 §38; IV.4 §36
  starting a move in Her. IV.5 §79
  see also > δὲ καί, τε καί  
μέν    
  and calmness in tragedy III.5 §§34-37
  at move transitions together with a οὗτος form in Her. and T. IV.3 §65, §§125-126; IV.5 §§32-33
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§69-72
  projecting a non-straightforward answer in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §55
  projecting across metrical transitions in P. II.2 §55; II.3 §73
  projecting across potential speaker transitions (floor-holding device) in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §§28-30
  projecting multiple acts in Her. and T. IV.3 §88, §140; IV.5 §33
  projecting similar conversational sequences in A., S., and E. III.4 §33
  prototypical projection marker in Hom. and P. II.2 §§46-62
  μέν… δέ and hostility in tragedy III.5 §38
  μέν… δέ across subject or frame division in Her. and T. IV.3 §§66-67; IV.5 §36, §§58-60
μὲν γάρ    
  starting a move in Her. IV.3 §79
μὲν δή    
  at move transitions in Her. IV.1 §6; IV.3 §§130-137, §§139-143; IV.4 §86, §89, n113
  exceptionally uttered by characters IV.4 n146
  starting a move in T. IV.3 n244
μέν νυν    
  at move transitions in Her. IV.3 §§130-132, §§134-135, §§138-143, n237; IV.5 §56, §58
  in a priming act in Her. and T. IV.3 §79
μὲν οὖν    
  as a cluster or combination in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§82-83
  at move transtitions in T. IV.3 §§144-146
μέντοι    
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §96
  more frequent in non-direct speech in Her. and T. IV.4 §36
μήν (μάν)    
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §96
  see also > ἦ μήν, γε μάν  
νυν    
  exclusively in direct speech in Her. IV.3 n246
  starting turns in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §44
  marking the return to the here-and-now in P. II.5 §76, §79
  see also > μέν νυν  
οὖν/ὦν    
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§80-84
  in conversational pre-expansions in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §43, §45
  marking logical inferences or conclusions in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§81-82
  starting moves in Her. and T. IV.5 §11, §64, §93, §97
ὦν δή    
  marking frame recall in Her. IV.3 §79
  starting a move in Her. IV.5 §80
  see also > μὲν οὖν  
που/κου    
  very similar frequency in Her. and T. IV.4 §112n144
  with propositional value IV.5 n14
  see also > ἦ που δή, ἦ που γε δή  
τε    
  and the coda effect in in Her. and T. IV.2 §§78-79; IV.5 §62
  bisyndetic τε in Her. and T. IV.2 §63, §68
  “epic” τε in Hom., Her. and T. IV.2 §47, §49-50, §52, §54, §63, §§90-91, §140, n78, n82, n85, nn87-88, n96, n126.
  distribution in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§39-49
  high frequency in Aristophanic choral songs III.2 §44
  in priming acts in Her. and T. IV.2 §87
  lack thereof in certain tragic choral songs III.2 §42
  marking non-arbitrary coordination in P. II.4 §§58-68
  marking shared traditional/encyclopedic knowledge in Her. and T. IV.2 §§58-60, §§65-69
  marking shared traditional/encyclopedic knowledge in Hom. II.4 §§32-37; IV.2 §§54-57
  marking shared traditional/encyclopedic knowledge in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§39-49; IV.2 §64
  providing a solemn or formal tone in A., S., E., and Ar. III.2 §§45-47
  “sentential” τε in Her. and T. IV.2 §66, §69, §§76-77, §91, §143, n120, n159, n188.
  starting moves in Her. and T. IV.2 §§85-87; IV.5 §14, §22, §40, §§44-45, §74
  starting turns in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §27
  various enrichments thereof in Her. and T. IV.2 §§70-73
  τε projecting καί in Her. and T. IV.2 §§80-81; IV.5 §11
  τε… τε in Her. and T. IV.2 §§62-63, §68 IV.5 §54
τε δή    
  starting conclusive statements in Her. and T. IV.2 n173; IV.3 §122, §129
τε καί    
  marking shared traditional/encyclopedic knowledge in Her. and T. IV.2 §68; IV.5 §36, §62, n96, §108
  see also > δέ τε, καί τε  
τοι    
  as intensifier and attention-getting device in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §61
  connected to a persuasive intention in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §§58-60
  connected to a persuasive intention in Her. IV.4 n37; IV.5 §§75-76, §93
  exceptional occurrences in narrator text in Her. IV.4 §37
  frequency in A., S., E., and Ar. III.4 §58
  predominant in speech in Her. IV.4 §§34-36, §39
τοιγάρ    
  interacting with resonance in Ar. III.3 §101
  τοιγάρ and τοιγάρτοι in Her. and T. predominant in speeches IV.4 §36
τοίνυν    
  conveying disalignment in T. IV.4 §61
  in authorial statements in Her. IV.4 §38
  predominant in speeches in Her. and T. IV.4 §36
See also the Table of Contents for sections and subsections including individual particles and particle combinations in the titles.